February/March 2026 Paper 42

2026 · 6 questions · 51 parts · 80 marks

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Context for question 5

A, B, C and D are the first four members of a family of organic compounds with similar chemical properties.

Table 5.1 gives either the molecular formula or the name of A, B, C and D.

Table 5.1

A	B	C	D
CH $_{2}$ O $_{2}$	ethanoic acid	propanoic acid	butanoic acid

5(a)Organic Nomenclature FormulaeEasy1 mark

State the term given to a family of organic compounds with similar chemical properties.

5(b)Organic Nomenclature FormulaeEasy1 mark

Explain why members of a family of organic compounds show similar chemical properties.

Answer

5(c)Organic Nomenclature FormulaeEasy1 mark

State the general formula of the family of organic compounds in Table 5.1.

5(d)Organic Nomenclature FormulaeMedium4 marks

Complete Table 5.2.

Name of A

Structural formula of B

Molecular formula of C

Empirical formula of D

5(e)

C is made by oxidation of an alcohol. The oxidising agent used has the formula KMnO

_{4}

5(e)(i)AlcoholsEasy1 mark

Name the alcohol which is oxidised to form C.

5(e)(ii)AlcoholsEasy1 mark

Give the chemical name of KMnO

_{4}

5(e)(iii)AlcoholsEasy2 marks

State the two conditions needed for the oxidation of the alcohol in 5(e)(i) with KMnO

_{4}

Two answers required.

5(f)

D reacts with ethanol to form an ester.

5(f)(i)Carboxylic Acids EstersEasy1 mark

State the type of catalyst needed for this reaction.

5(f)(ii)Carboxylic Acids EstersEasy2 marks

Complete the word equation for this reaction.

butanoic acid + ethanol ⇌ \dots\dots\dots\dots + \dots\dots\dots\dots

Two answers required.

5(f)(iii)Carboxylic Acids EstersEasy2 marks

Draw the displayed formula of the ester formed.

Draw with the mouse or a finger.