May/June 2026 Paper 43

This question is about organic chemistry. The equation for the reaction between butane and chlorine is shown.

Give the general formula of the homologous series which has butane as a member.

State the condition required for the reaction between butane and chlorine to occur at room temperature.

State the term given to organic compounds with the same molecular formula but different structural formulas.

Butane reacts with chlorine to make two organic compounds with the molecular formula C${}_4$H${}_9$Cl. Draw the displayed formula for each of these organic compounds.

The structure of compound A is shown in Figure 7.1.

Deduce the empirical formula of compound A.

State what is observed when compound A is added to the following substances.

Compound A can undergo addition polymerisation to form polymer B. Draw the section of polymer B that contains two repeat units.

Polyesters are condensation polymers. Condensation polymers are made from two monomers. Name the two types of monomers used to produce polyesters.

Organic compound D has the following composition by mass. C, 88.9%; H, 11.1% Calculate the empirical formula of compound D.