Context for question 5
Everyone, including young and older workers, who lived on an island off Panama were relocated to the mainland in 2024. This occurred due to rising sea levels and repeated flooding, which the public good of sea defences could not prevent. People from some small island nations may need to move unless governments can reduce pollution which can cause rising sea levels. The effect on the living standards of those who move from countries with small populations to countries with large populations is uncertain.