When surgeons operate on a heart, the patient can be connected to a heart-lung machine to keep blood flowing around the body during the operation. Figure 6.1 is a diagram of a heart-lung machine connected to a human heart.

Figure 6.1, a heart-lung machine connected to a human heart: drainage tubes U carry blood from blood vessels of the heart to a reservoir of blood removed from the body, then through an oxygenator and a pump, and the blood returned to the body re-enters through a vessel at the top of the heart; four structures of the heart are labelled Q, R, S and T

State the name of the heart structures labelled Q, R and S in Figure 6.1.

6(a)(ii)Heart CirculationEasy1 mark

State the letter of the heart structure in Figure 6.1 that separates oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.

Answer

6(a)(iii)Heart CirculationEasy1 mark

State the name of the blood vessel in Figure 6.1 that the drainage tubes labelled U are connected to.

6(a)(iv)Heart CirculationEasy1 mark

State the name of the organ that the oxygenator replaces in Figure 6.1.

6(b)Heart CirculationEasy1 mark

State the name of the arteries that supply the heart muscle with oxygen.

6(c)Heart CirculationMedium4 marks

Complete the sentences about the human circulatory system.

In a human, blood passes through the heart during one complete circuit of the body. This type of circulatory system is called a circulation. An advantage of this type of circulatory system is that blood can be transported at pressure around the body. This increases the efficiency of supplying oxygen molecules to cells for to release energy.