May/June 2026 Paper 43

2026 · 6 questions · 34 parts · 80 marks

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3(a)Human Reproduction Sex HormonesHard4 marks
Figure 3.1 shows the thickness of the uterus lining during one menstrual cycle.
Figure 3.1, the thickness of the uterus lining over days 1 to 28 of one menstrual cycle: fairly thick on day 1, falling to its thinnest at about day 5, then thickening steadily, with blood vessels growing into it, to its thickest by days 21 to 28
Explain how oestrogen and progesterone are involved in the changes shown in Figure 3.1.

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3(b)Human Reproduction Sex HormonesMedium5 marks
Complete the sentences about egg cells.
The egg cell is the female
. Egg cells form when a cell divides by the process of
. Egg cells have
features such as a jelly coat and
. The nucleus of an egg cell contains a single set of chromosomes and is therefore described as a
nucleus.
3(c)Human Reproduction Sex HormonesEasy2 marks
If pregnancy occurs, a placenta will form. Describe two functions of the placenta.

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3(d)Human Reproduction Sex HormonesEasy2 marks
FSH and LH are two of the hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. State the roles of FSH and LH.
FSH
LH
3(e)Human Reproduction Sex HormonesEasy2 marks
State two effects of testosterone during puberty in human males.

Two answers required.

3(f)Blood Clotting Oxygen TransportEasy1 mark
State the name of the component of blood that transports hormones.