February/March 2026 Paper 42

2026 · 10 questions · 49 parts · 100 marks

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1(a)1(b)(i)1(b)(ii)1(b)(iii)1(c)

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2(a)2(b)(i)2(b)(ii)2(c)(i)2(c)(ii)2(d)2(e)

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3(a)3(b)3(c)

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4(a)4(b)(i)4(b)(ii)4(b)(iii)4(c)

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5(a)5(b)5(c)(i)5(c)(ii)

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6(a)6(b)(i)6(b)(ii)6(c)(i)6(c)(ii)

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7(a)7(b)(i)7(b)(ii)7(c)(i)7(c)(ii)7(c)(iii)

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8(a)8(b)(i)8(b)(ii)8(b)(iii)

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9(a)9(b)(i)9(b)(ii)9(b)(iii)9(c)

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Q10

10(a)(i)10(a)(ii)10(b)(i)10(b)(ii)10(b)(iii)

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10(a)(i)Ultrasound ImagingEasy2 marks

Explain how ultrasound waves are detected by a piezoelectric transducer.

Answer

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10(a)(ii)Ultrasound ImagingEasy2 marks

Define the specific acoustic impedance of a medium.

Answer

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10(b)(i)Ultrasound ImagingEasy2 marks

Table 10.1 lists the specific acoustic impedances

Z

of air, water and glass.

Table 10.1

medium	$Z$ / kg m $^{- 2}$ s $^{- 1}$
air	$4.39 \times 1 0^{2}$
water	$1.49 \times 1 0^{6}$
glass	$9.98 \times 1 0^{6}$

The density of water is

998 kg m^{- 3}

. Determine the speed of sound in water.

10(b)(ii)Ultrasound ImagingEasy2 marks

Calculate, to three significant figures, the intensity reflection coefficient for sound incident on a water-glass boundary.

10(b)(iii)Ultrasound ImagingMedium3 marks

Explain, without calculation, what happens when sound is incident on an air-glass boundary.

Answer

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