May/June 2026 Paper 11

2026 · 40 questions · 40 parts · 40 marks

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21Mitosis Cell CycleHard1 mark
Scientists investigated the roles of two genes, gene P and gene Q, in stimulating mitosis in tumour cells.
The scientists grew cells from different types of tumour and from non-tumour cells and measured:
  1. 1
    the percentage of cells that transcribed gene P only
  2. 2
    the percentage of cells that transcribed gene Q only
  3. 3
    the percentage of cells that transcribed both gene P and gene Q.
The results are shown.
Bar chart of percentage of cells transcribing genes (vertical axis, 0 to 100) for three categories – gene P only, gene Q only, gene P and gene Q – with grey bars for non-tumour cells and white bars for tumour cells. Gene P only: about 15% non-tumour, 90% tumour. Gene Q only: about 95% non-tumour, 20% tumour. Gene P and gene Q: about 10% non-tumour, 15% tumour.
What can be concluded from the graph about the functions of gene P and gene Q?
function of gene Pfunction of gene Q
Aprevents mitosis from startingprevents mitosis from starting
Bprevents mitosis from startingstimulates mitosis to start
Cstimulates mitosis to startprevents mitosis from starting
Dstimulates mitosis to startstimulates mitosis to start