May/June 2026 Paper 12

2026 · 40 questions · 40 parts · 40 marks

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24Dna Structure ReplicationHard1 mark
The diagram shows the structures of some drugs that have a similar structure to nucleotides. The presence of these drugs reduces nucleic acid synthesis.
Figure 24.1, the structural formula of acyclovir: a purine-like bicyclic ring system (a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring) carrying a C=O, an HN, an H$_2$N and ring nitrogens, joined through the five-membered ring's nitrogen to an open side chain of the form HOCH$_2$-O-CH$_2$CH$_2$- with a single terminal -OH.
Figure 24.2, the structural formula of gancyclovir: the same bicyclic ring system as acyclovir, joined through the five-membered ring's nitrogen to a side chain of the same HOCH$_2$-O-CH$_2$CH$_2$- form but with an extra branch, so the chain carries two terminal -OH groups instead of acyclovir's one.
Which statement explains how these drugs reduce nucleic acid synthesis?