May/June 2026 Paper 12

2026 · 40 questions · 40 parts · 40 marks

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28Standing WavesMedium1 mark
A stationary sound wave is formed in a tube of length L that is closed at one end. The diagram shows the positions of the nodes and antinodes of the stationary wave.
a tube closed at one end, drawn as a rectangle, with two nodes and two antinodes of a stationary sound wave marked along its length by leader lines from the labels to points inside the tube
Which graph shows the variation of the amplitude a of the wave with distance x measured from the closed end of the tube?
four graphs of amplitude a (vertical, drawn only as positive) against distance x (horizontal, from 0 to L) from the closed end of the tube: A rises to a peak, returns to 0 at the tube's mid-point, then rises to a second peak continuing past x = L; B is a single sine arch that rises to a peak then falls, crossing the axis before L to end below it; C shows three equal, evenly spaced positive humps each returning to 0; D is a full sine wave rising to a positive peak, dipping to a negative trough, and rising again to end at 0 at x = L