Ideal gases may be used to measure the temperature of the environment in a laboratory experiment. In some situations, however, it is preferable to use a thermocouple thermometer. Explain how a thermometer that uses an ideal gas can be advantageous compared with a thermometer that uses a liquid in glass.

Answer

0 words

2(b)(ii)Temperature Internal Energy Heat CapacityEasy1 mark

Describe a laboratory situation in which a thermocouple thermometer is preferable to a thermometer that uses an ideal gas.

Answer

0 words

2(c)Gas Laws Kinetic TheoryMedium2 marks

A very small sample of an ideal gas consists of five molecules, each of mass

3.34 \times 1 0^{- 27} kg

. At a particular instant, the speeds of the molecules are as shown in Figure 2.1.

$357 m s^{- 1}$
$424 m s^{- 1}$
$509 m s^{- 1}$
$286 m s^{- 1}$
$435 m s^{- 1}$

Determine, to three significant figures, the root-mean-square (r.m.s.) speed

c_{0}

of the molecules.

2(d)(i)Gas Laws Kinetic TheoryEasy2 marks

A larger sample of the gas in 2(c) consists of

5.0 \times 1 0^{23}

molecules. These molecules have the same r.m.s. speed as the molecules of the gas in 2(c). Calculate the amount of gas.

2(d)(ii)Gas Laws Kinetic TheoryEasy2 marks

Determine the thermodynamic temperature

T_{0}

of the gas.

2(d)(iii)Gas Laws Kinetic TheoryMedium3 marks

The temperature of the gas is now gradually increased. On Figure 2.2, sketch the variation of the r.m.s. speed of the molecules of the gas with thermodynamic temperature.

Draw with the mouse or a finger.